Transport equations for the inflationary spectral index

We present a simple and efficient method to compute the superhorizon evolution of the spectral index in multifield inflationary models, using transport equation techniques. We illustrate the evolution of n(s) with time for various interesting potentials

A Process for Producing Ice Coverage Marine Information Objects (MIOs) in IHO S-57 Format

While global warming may be opening up more Arctic waters in the summer, ice still infests key shipping lanes in the northern hemisphere during the winter months. To safely navigate these areas, mariners rely on daily ice coverage charts produced by national governmental agencies. Ice charts are primarily issued in paper format or as a fax. However, there is increased interest to ice coverage information on vessel navigation systems such as an Electronic Chart and Display Information Systems (ECDIS). However, to do so, the ice information must be provided as a separate layer of information to the Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC)

Partisanship, the economy and the effects of incumbency through sub-national elections: evidence from Portugal

This research investigates the impact of legislative incumbency in municipal elections for 305 Portuguese municipalities, in 8 sub-national elections, from 1985 to 2013. Among other contributions, this research adds to the existing literature by studying the effect of national economic variables in municipal elections, as well as partisan effects, using a two-way fixed group and time effects model. Despite being ambiguous for the left of centre party in terms of a national incumbency penalty, the empirical results suggest that PSD is penalised in the local elections if in government and that both the state of national economy and partisan effects on the vote shares of the two main Portuguese parties are mixed for municipal elections

NMR approaches in structure-based lead discovery: recent developments and new frontiers for targeting multi-protein complexes.

This is the final version. It was first published by Elsevier at http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S007961071400087X.Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a pivotal method for structure-based and fragment-based lead discovery because it is one of the most robust techniques to provide information on protein structure, dynamics and interaction at an atomic level in solution. Nowadays, in most ligand screening cascades, NMR-based methods are applied to identify and structurally validate small molecule binding. These can be high-throughput and are often used synergistically with other biophysical assays. Here, we describe current state-of-the-art in the portfolio of available NMR-based experiments that are used to aid early-stage lead discovery. We then focus on multi-protein complexes as targets and how NMR spectroscopy allows studying of interactions within the high molecular weight assemblies that make up a vast fraction of the yet untargeted proteome. Finally, we give our perspective on how currently available methods could build an improved strategy for drug discovery against such challenging targets.The authors are very grateful to the organizations that funded their research: the UK Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC, grants BB/J001201/1 and David Phillips Fellowship BB/G023123/1 to A.C.), the European Research Council (ERC-2012-StG-311460 DrugE3CRLs, Starting Grant to A.C.) the European Commission (Bio-NMR, Project 261863), and the Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT, SFRH/BD/81735/2011 Studentship to D.M.D.)

Jumps: Enhancing hop-count positioning in sensor networks using multiple coordinates

Positioning systems in self-organizing networks generally rely on measurements such as delay and received signal strength, which may be difficult to obtain and often require dedicated equipment. An alternative to such approaches is to use simple connectivity information, that is, the presence or absence of a link between any pair of nodes, and to extend it to hop-counts, in order to obtain an approximate coordinate system. Such an approximation is sufficient for a large number of applications, such as routing. In this paper, we propose Jumps, a positioning system for those self-organizing networks in which other types of (exact) positioning systems cannot be used or are deemed to be too costly. Jumps builds a multiple coordinate system based solely on nodes neighborhood knowledge. Jumps is interesting in the context of wireless sensor networks, as it neither requires additional embedded equipment nor relies on any nodes capabilities. While other approaches use only three hop-count measurements to infer the position of a node, Jumps uses an arbitrary number. We observe that an increase in the number of measurements leads to an improvement in the localization process, without requiring a high dense environment. We show through simulations that Jumps, when compared with existing approaches, reduces the number of nodes sharing the same coordinates, which paves the way for functions such as position-based routing

Two levels of meaning elaboration in psychological research

Arocha (2021) discusses the “replication crisis,” arguing for models that allow a greater complexity in the relationship between variables and processes. In this comment, we identify a more fundamental issue: the impossibility of eliminating interpretation issues with operational definitions and increased rigor in the measurements of variables and processes. Interpretation is at the core of (a) human action and (b) scientific endeavor. First, considering Vygotsky, we argue that all higher mental processes are sign mediated, influencing psychological research with humans. Second, that the understanding of research results also involves sign mediation and, therefore, it is nonneutral. We suggest two alternative approaches. There needs to be an increase in research that delivers a detailed description of psychological phenomena. Additionally, it is necessary to increase the elucidation of contextual-embeddedness research. Taking into account the two levels of meaning will underline psychology as a scientific discipline of complex phenomena.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio